APPENDIX 1
Criteria for depression and anxiety disorders from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth revision
Depression
Major depression
Persistent low mood or loss of interest in most activities for at least two weeks, including some of the following, totalling at least five symptoms
- Weight change
- Altered sleep pattern
- Lack of energy
- Poor concentration
- Agitation
- Reduced self esteem
- Suicidal ideas or plans
Minor depression
Three or four symptoms for two or more weeks
Anxiety disorders
General features include
- Autonomic arousal
- Physiological reactivity
- Tremor or shaking
- Avoidance behaviour
- Hypervigilance
Panic disorder
Recurrent spontaneous panic attacks with anticipatory anxiety between attacks and closely associated with agoraphobia
Generalised anxiety disorder
Prolonged periods of excess worry and tension
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Intrusive flashbacks, hypervigilance, and avoidance behaviour after a traumatic stressor
Social anxiety disorder
Fears specific to social situations and characterised by fearfulness, excessive blushing, and avoidance behaviour
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