1. Of mechanically-induced arachnoiditis (MIA)
Spinal surgery (especially multiple)
Multiple lumbar punctures
Trauma
Spinal stenosis (congenital/degenerative)
Chronic disc prolapse/ degenerative disc disease
2.Of Chemically-induced arachnoiditis (CIA)
Myelographic dyes (especially oil-based such as Myodil (Pantopaque))
Epidural steroid injections (e.g. Depo-Medrol)
Epidural anaesthesia
Other intraspinal drugs such as amphotericin B and methotrexate
Chemonucleolysis with chymopapain
3.Miscellaneous
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Infection e.g. meningitis
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